Thousands of democracy protesters defied tear gas and police baton charges to remain on the streets of Hong Kong amid rising international tensions.
Demonstrators wore masks and wielded umbrellas to protect themselves against tear gas - prompting the phrase "umbrella revolution" to trend on social media.
The UK Foreign Office said it was "concerned" by the heavy response to the protests in its former colony - but China warned the international community not to "interfere".
Tear gas is used to disperse the crowds Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Hua Chunying said: "Hong Kong is China's Hong Kong. Hong Kong is purely our internal affair.
"We are resolutely opposed to any foreign country using any method to interfere in China's internal affairs."
The Hong Kong government said it withdrew riot police on Monday as the protests began to calm.
A spokesman called on the activists to leave the protest areas peacefully - but many remain camped on a normally busy highway near the government headquarters.
Organisers estimate as many as 80,000 people have taken to the streets since Friday.
Police began throwing tear gas canisters on Sunday.
Demonstrators wield umbrellas to protect themselves against tear gas The Hong Kong government said 26 people were taken to hospital.
Demonstrator Rick Chan was heard shouting "We're only carrying umbrellas" at police.
"I came last night and saw police fire many rounds of tear gas at the crowd, who were mostly young students and even included some old people," he said. "I feel it was extremely unnecessary."
A movement to occupy central Hong Kong, in protest at Chinese interference, was planned for National Day on Wednesday, but began early on the back of separate student protests.
Last month, the Communist Party's top political body ruled that while Hong Kongers could choose their next leader or chief executive in 2017, they must select from candidates picked by Beijing who must declare their "love" for China and its Communist system.
Thousands remain on the streets Under the agreement of the 1997 handover from Britain to China, Hong Kong was allowed to have an independent legal and political framework.
Unlike mainland China, protests are allowed - but the current demonstrations are one of the biggest political challenges to Beijing since the Tiananmen Square crackdown 25 years ago.
China has endorsed the Hong Kong government's crackdown.
But a spokesman for the UK Foreign Office said: "The British government is concerned about the situation in Hong Kong and is monitoring events carefully.
More than 200 bus routes have been cancelled or diverted "It is Britain's longstanding position, as a co-signatory of the Sino-British Joint Declaration, that Hong Kong's prosperity and security are underpinned by its fundamental rights and freedoms, including the right to demonstrate."
Occupy Central co-organiser Dr Chan Kin-man urged "fearless" protesters to remain on the streets until their calls were heeded.
In a statement, the group called on Hong Kong's Chief Executive, Leung Chun-ying, to resign, saying his "non-response to the people's demands has driven Hong Kong into a crisis of disorder".
The protests have affected Hong Kong's commercial hub, forcing bus routes to be cancelled or diverted and banks to temporarily close branches.
Meanwhile, clashes broke out in Taiwan when dozens of students gathered in the lobby of the Hong Kong Trade Office in Taipei in support of the democracy protests.
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